python一键电影搜索与下载

立即下载用AI写一个

发布时间：2018-10-30

17人 | 浏览：6407次 | 收藏 |

技术：python3.6+requests+lxml

运行环境：python3.6

概述

使用python搜索并爬取豆瓣电影信息,包括评分,主演,导演,类型,上映时间,电影简介等信息,然后再从电影天堂搜索并爬取电影下载链接.

详细

# python一键电影搜索与下载

## 概述

使用python搜索并爬取豆瓣电影信息,包括评分,主演,导演,类型,上映时间,电影简介等信息,然后再从电影天堂搜索并爬取电影下载链接.

![概述](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WHJWNAVY/myImage/master/PicGo/20181023180750.png)

## 准备工作

### 安装python3.6

略

### 安装requests库(用于请求静态页面)

```bash
    pip install requests -i https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple
```

### 安装lxml库(用于解析html文件)

```bash
pip install lxml -i https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple
```

### 本教程爬取的电影信息来自豆瓣电影,下载链接来自电影天堂

```html
https://movie.douban.com/j/subject_suggest?q=电影名称
http://s.ygdy8.com/plus/so.php?keytype=0&pagesize=10&searchtype=title&keyword=电影名称
```

## 页面分析

### 豆瓣电影搜索

豆瓣电影搜索的链接如下:

```html
https://movie.douban.com/j/subject_suggest?q=电影名称
```

只需要一个参数q,它的值是utf-8编码的电影名称,比如我们要搜索 ***星际穿越*** 相关信息, 其中 ***%e6%98%9f%e9%99%85%e7%a9%bf%e8%b6%8a*** 是 ***星际穿越*** 的url格式的utf-8编码.:

```html
https://movie.douban.com/j/subject_suggest?q=%e6%98%9f%e9%99%85%e7%a9%bf%e8%b6%8a
```

服务器返回的搜索结果是一个json文件 ***subject_suggest.json*** ,如下:

```json
[
   {
      "episode" : "",
      "id" : "1889243",
      "img" : "https://img3.doubanio.com/view/photo/s_ratio_poster/public/p2206088801.jpg",
      "sub_title" : "Interstellar",
      "title" : "星际穿越",
      "type" : "movie",
      "url" : "https://movie.douban.com/subject/1889243/?suggest=%E6%98%9F%E9%99%85%E7%A9%BF%E8%B6%8A",
      "year" : "2014"
   },
   {
      "episode" : "",
      "id" : "26263467",
      "img" : "https://img3.doubanio.com/view/photo/s_ratio_poster/public/p2445481443.jpg",
      "sub_title" : "The Science of Interstellar",
      "title" : "《星际穿越》中的科学",
      "type" : "movie",
      "url" : "https://movie.douban.com/subject/26263467/?suggest=%E6%98%9F%E9%99%85%E7%A9%BF%E8%B6%8A",
      "year" : "2014"
   },
   {
      "episode" : "",
      "id" : "26255844",
      "img" : "https://img3.doubanio.com/view/photo/s_ratio_poster/public/p2519643575.jpg",
      "sub_title" : "Interstellar: Nolan's Odyssey",
      "title" : "星际穿越：诺兰的奥德赛",
      "type" : "movie",
      "url" : "https://movie.douban.com/subject/26255844/?suggest=%E6%98%9F%E9%99%85%E7%A9%BF%E8%B6%8A",
      "year" : "2014"
   }
]
```

共搜索到了3个与 ***星际穿越***  相关的结果,其中我们需要关注的有:

|    key    |       含义       |
| :-------: | :--------------: |
|   title   |       标题       |
| sub_title | 子标题(英文标题) |
|    url    |     详情链接     |

我们需要再次打开搜索结果中对应的电影详情链接,获取电影的评分,导演,主演,类型,上映时间,简介,影评等信息.

比如我们打开搜索结果的第一项,结果如下:

![电影详情页](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WHJWNAVY/myImage/master/PicGo/20181029112514.png)

我们打开它的源码看看(按F12打开调试):

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WHJWNAVY/myImage/master/PicGo/20181029114712.png)

可以看到其head中的一个标签 *** /html/head/script[@type="application/ld+json"] *** 中存放的是一个json文件,这个json中就包含了我们需要的所有电影信息,提取出来如下:

```json
{
  "@context": "http://schema.org",
  "name": "星际穿越 Interstellar",
  "url": "/subject/1889243/",
  "image": "https://img3.doubanio.com/view/photo/s_ratio_poster/public/p2206088801.jpg",
  "director": 
  [
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1054524/",
      "name": "克里斯托弗·诺兰 Christopher Nolan"
    }
  ]
,
  "author": 
  [
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1275104/",
      "name": "乔纳森·诺兰 Jonathan Nolan"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1054524/",
      "name": "克里斯托弗·诺兰 Christopher Nolan"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1018568/",
      "name": "基普·索恩 Kip Thorne"
    }
  ]
,
  "actor": 
  [
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1040511/",
      "name": "马修·麦康纳 Matthew McConaughey"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1048027/",
      "name": "安妮·海瑟薇 Anne Hathaway"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1000225/",
      "name": "杰西卡·查斯坦 Jessica Chastain"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1022593/",
      "name": "卡西·阿弗莱克 Casey Affleck"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1054509/",
      "name": "迈克尔·凯恩 Michael Caine"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1054443/",
      "name": "马特·达蒙 Matt Damon"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1267954/",
      "name": "麦肯吉·弗依 Mackenzie Foy"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1325862/",
      "name": "蒂莫西·柴勒梅德 Timothée Chalamet"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1036407/",
      "name": "艾伦·伯斯汀 Ellen Burstyn"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1027824/",
      "name": "约翰·利思戈 John Lithgow"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1049518/",
      "name": "韦斯·本特利 Wes Bentley"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1201851/",
      "name": "大卫·吉雅西 David Gyasi"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1113911/",
      "name": "比尔·欧文 Bill Irwin"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1010536/",
      "name": "托弗·戈瑞斯 Topher Grace"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1313709/",
      "name": "科莱特·沃夫 Collette Wolfe"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1330971/",
      "name": "弗朗西斯·X·麦卡蒂 Francis X. McCarthy"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1344601/",
      "name": "安德鲁·博尔巴 Andrew Borba"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1004844/",
      "name": "乔什·斯图沃特 Josh Stewart"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1202795/",
      "name": "莱雅·卡里恩斯 Leah Cairns"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1338863/",
      "name": "利亚姆·迪金森 Liam Dickinson"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1274631/",
      "name": "杰夫·赫普内尔 Jeff Hephner"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1045604/",
      "name": "伊莱耶斯·加贝尔 Elyes Gabel"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1018020/",
      "name": "布鲁克·史密斯 Brooke Smith"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1000231/",
      "name": "大卫·奥伊罗 David Oyelowo"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1055380/",
      "name": "威廉姆·德瓦内 William Devane"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1366207/",
      "name": "拉什·费加 Russ Fega"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1344602/",
      "name": "格里芬·弗雷泽 Griffen Fraser"
    }
    ,
    {
      "@type": "Person",
      "url": "/celebrity/1344603/",
      "name": "弗洛拉·诺兰 Flora Nolan"
    }
  ]
,
  "datePublished": "2014-11-07",
  "genre": ["\u5267\u60c5", "\u79d1\u5e7b", "\u5192\u9669"],
  "duration": "PT2H49M",
  "description": "近未来的地球黄沙遍野，小麦、秋葵等基础农作物相继因枯萎病灭绝，人类不再像从前那样仰望星空，放纵想象力和灵感的迸发，而是每日在沙尘暴的肆虐下倒数着所剩不多的光景。在家务农的前NASA宇航员库珀（马修·麦...",
  "@type": "Movie",
  "aggregateRating": {
    "@type": "AggregateRating",
    "ratingCount": "638995",
    "bestRating": "10",
    "worstRating": "2",
    "ratingValue": "9.2"
  }
}
```

| key                          | 含义     |
| ---------------------------- | -------- |
| name                         | 电影名称 |
| director                     | 电影导演 |
| author                       | 主要演员 |
| datePublished                | 上映时间 |
| genre                        | 电影类型 |
| description                  | 电影简介 |
| aggregateRating[ratingValue] | 电影评分 |

### 电影天堂搜索

豆瓣电影搜索的链接如下:

```html
http://s.ygdy8.com/plus/so.php?keytype=0&pagesize=10&searchtype=title&keyword=电影名称
```

只需要一个参数q,它的值是utf-8编码的电影名称,比如我们要搜索 ***星际穿越*** 相关信息. 其中 ***%D0%C7%BC%CA%B4%A9%D4%BD*** 是 ***星际穿越*** 的url格式的gb2312编码::

```html
http://s.ygdy8.com/plus/so.php?keytype=0&keyword=%D0%C7%BC%CA%B4%A9%D4%BD
```

服务器返回的搜索结果是一个html页面其中只有第一项是我们想要的结果,如下:

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WHJWNAVY/myImage/master/PicGo/20181029114545.png)

按F12打开调试可以看到,搜索结果列表包含在一个 ***class="co_content8"*** 的div标签中.搜索结果的标题对应的链接就是电影详情页面,其中无用的广告页面的链接中包含 ***game*** ,我们可以据此过滤掉不想要的结果.

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WHJWNAVY/myImage/master/PicGo/20181029114921.png)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WHJWNAVY/myImage/master/PicGo/20181029115444.png)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WHJWNAVY/myImage/master/PicGo/20181029115244.png)

打开电影详情页面,可以看到下载链接包含在一个 ***bgcolor="#fdfddf"*** 的table中:

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WHJWNAVY/myImage/master/PicGo/20181029115746.png)

## 源码详解

### 使用requests下载静态html页面

该函数用于下载图集列表页面，这个页面是静态的，可以直接通过 **requests.get(url)** 函数抓取。但是有一点需要注意，为了把我们的爬虫伪装成正常的浏览器请求，避免我们的爬虫被服务器禁止，我们需要给 **requests** 添加http请求头，其中包含伪造的 **User-Agent** 浏览器标识

```python
def download_page_html(url, sel=0):
    phtml = None
    page = None
    try:
        requests_header["Host"] = host_cookie[sel][0]
        requests_header["Cookie"] = host_cookie[sel][1]

# 选择一个随机的User-Agent
        requests_header["User-Agent"] = random.choice(user_agent_list)
        # print(requests_header["User-Agent"])
        # print(requests_header)
        page = requests.get(url=url, headers=requests_header, timeout=15)  # 请求指定的页面
        # print(page.encoding)
        if page.encoding == "ISO-8859-1":
            page.encoding = "gb2312"  # 转换页面的编码为gb2312(避免中文乱码)
        phtml = page.text  # 提取请求结果中包含的html文本
        # print("requests success")
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
        print("requests error:", e)
        phtml = None
    finally:
        if page != None:
            page.close()
        return phtml
```

### 从豆瓣电影上搜索并下载电影信息

该函数用于根据指定的电影名称,从豆瓣电影服务器上搜索电影,解析搜索结果并显示,然后根据输入显示指定搜索结果的详情.

```python
def movie_douban(mvsearch_name):
    DOUBANMV_SEARCH_URL = "https://movie.douban.com/j/subject_suggest"
    DOUBANMV_SEARCH_PAR = {"q": ""}
    # mvsearch_name = "星际迷航"

if mvsearch_name == None:
        return -1

DOUBANMV_SEARCH_PAR["q"] = mvsearch_name

# url参数编码
    mvsearch_par = parse.urlencode(DOUBANMV_SEARCH_PAR, encoding="utf-8")
    # print(mvsearch_par)
    mvsearch_url = "{0}?{1}".format(DOUBANMV_SEARCH_URL, mvsearch_par)
    # print(mvsearch_url)

# 下载指定url
    mvsearch_html = download_page_html(mvsearch_url, 2)
    if mvsearch_html == None:
        print("下载出错,可能IP被服务器封禁,可稍后再试!")
        return -1

# 解析下载的结果(json格式)
    try:
        mvsearch_json = json.loads(mvsearch_html)
    except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
        print("出现错误:", e)
        return -1

if mvsearch_json == None or len(mvsearch_json) == 0:
        print("解析出错!")
        return -1
    # print(mvsearch_json)

# 输出解析结果
    print("共找到", len(mvsearch_json), "个关于", mvname, "的结果: ")
    for i in range(len(mvsearch_json)):
        print("\t", i+1, mvsearch_json[i]["title"],
              "/", mvsearch_json[i]["sub_title"])

# 选择需要查看的项
    search_sel = input("请选择需要查看的项:")
    if search_sel.isdigit() != True:
        print("输入有误!")
        return -1
    search_sel = int(search_sel)
    if search_sel > len(mvsearch_json) or search_sel < 1:
        print("输入有误!")
        return -1
    search_sel = search_sel - 1

# 获取需要查看的项的url,下载需要查看的项
    mvcontent_url = mvsearch_json[search_sel]["url"]
    mvcontent_html = download_page_html(mvcontent_url, 2)

# 解析需要查看的项
    doubanmv_etree_html = lxml.html.fromstring(mvcontent_html)
    mvcontent_xpath = '/html/head//script[@type="application/ld+json"]/text()'
    mvcontent_text = doubanmv_etree_html.xpath(mvcontent_xpath)
    if mvcontent_text == None or len(mvcontent_text) == 0:
        print("解析出错")
        return -1

mvcontent_text[0] = mvcontent_text[0].replace("\n", "")  # 替换掉json字符串中的\n

try:
        mvcontent_json = json.loads(mvcontent_text[0])
    except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
        print("解析出错:", e)
        return -1
    if mvcontent_json == None or len(mvcontent_json) == 0:
        print("解析出错")
        return -1

# 输出电影详情
    print("\t电影名称", mvcontent_json["name"])

# 合并显示电影类型
    mvcontent_genre = mvcontent_json["genre"]
    mvcontent_genre_str = ""
    for lst in mvcontent_genre:
        mvcontent_genre_str += (lst + "/")
    print("\t电影类型", mvcontent_genre_str)

print("\t上映时间", mvcontent_json["datePublished"])
    print("\t豆瓣评分", mvcontent_json["aggregateRating"]["ratingValue"],
          "(", mvcontent_json["aggregateRating"]["ratingCount"], ")")
    print("\t电影导演", mvcontent_json["director"][0]["name"])
    # 合并显示电影主演(只显示前5个)
    mvcontent_actor = mvcontent_json["actor"]
    mvcontent_actor_str = ""
    mvcontent_actor_len = 0
    for lst in mvcontent_actor:
        mvcontent_actor_str += (lst["name"] + "/")
        mvcontent_actor_len += 1
        if mvcontent_actor_len > 5:
            mvcontent_actor_str += "..."
            break
    print("\t电影主演", mvcontent_actor_str)
    print("\t电影简述", mvcontent_json["description"])

return 0
```

### 从电影天堂上搜索并提取电影下载链接

该函数用于根据指定的电影名称,从电影天堂服务器上搜索电影,解析搜索结果并显示,然后根据输入显示指定搜索结果的下载链接.

```python
def movie_tiantang(mvsearch_name):
    MVSEARCH_URL = "http://s.ygdy8.com/plus/so.php"
    MVSEARCH_PAR = {"kwtype": "0", "searchtype": "title",
                    "pagesize": "100", "keyword": ""}
    MOVIE_URL = "http://www.ygdy8.com"

# mvsearch_name = "星球大战"
    # mvsearch_name = input("请输入电影名称(输入\"exit\"退出):")

if mvsearch_name == None:
        print("输入有误!")
        return -1

# print("你输入的电影名称为:", mvsearch_name)

# 搜索电影
    MVSEARCH_PAR["keyword"] = mvsearch_name
    mvsearch_par = parse.urlencode(MVSEARCH_PAR, encoding="gb2312")
    # print(mvsearch_par)
    mvsearch_url = "{0}?{1}".format(MVSEARCH_URL, mvsearch_par)
    # print(mvsearch_url)
    mvsearch_html = download_page_html(mvsearch_url, 0)
    if mvsearch_html == None:
        print("下载出错,可能IP被服务器封禁,可稍后再试!")
        return -1

# print(mvsearch_html)

# 获取搜索结果列表
    etree_html = lxml.html.fromstring(mvsearch_html)
    mvsearch_xpath = '//div[@class="co_content8"]/ul/tr/td/table[@width="100%"]'
    mvsearch_list = etree_html.xpath(mvsearch_xpath)
    # print(mvsearch_list)

if len(mvsearch_list) == 0:
        print("未搜索到任何内容")
        return -1

# print("共找到", len(mvsearch_list), "个关于", mvsearch_name, "的结果:")

mvcontent_url = []
    mvcontent_title = []

# 提取搜索结果中的电影链接
    mvsearch_list_len = len(mvsearch_list)
    for idx in range(1, mvsearch_list_len+1):
        # 提取链接
        mv_title_url = etree_html.xpath(
            mvsearch_xpath + '[{0}]//a[@href]/@href'.format(idx))
        # print(mv_title_url)

if mv_title_url == None:
            print("解析出错!")
            return -1

# 过滤掉游戏
        if mv_title_url[0].find("/html/game/") < 0:
            mv_title_url = "{0}{1}".format(MOVIE_URL, mv_title_url[0])
            mvcontent_url.insert(idx-1, mv_title_url)
            # 提取标题
            mv_title_str_lst = etree_html.xpath(
                mvsearch_xpath + '[{0}]//a[@href]//text()'.format(idx))
            if mv_title_str_lst == None:
                print("解析出错!")
                return -1
            mv_title_str = "".join(mv_title_str_lst)
            mvcontent_title.insert(idx-1, mv_title_str)
            # print("\t{0}, {1}, {2}".format(idx, mv_title_str, mv_title_url))

mvcontent_len = len(mvcontent_url)

if mvcontent_len == 0:
        print("未搜索到有效结果!")
        return -1

# print("其中", mvcontent_len, "个有效结果:")
    print("共找到", mvcontent_len, "个关于", mvsearch_name, "的下载:")
    for idx in range(mvcontent_len):
        print("\t", idx+1, ", ",
              mvcontent_title[idx], ", ", mvcontent_url[idx])

# 打开电影详情页面
    mvcontent_sel = input("请选择需要下载的项:")
    if mvcontent_sel.isdigit() != True:
        print("输入有误!")
        return -1
    mvcontent_sel = int(mvcontent_sel)
    if mvcontent_sel > mvcontent_len or mvcontent_sel < 1:
        print("输入有误!")
        return -1
    mvcontent_sel = mvcontent_sel - 1

# 下载电影详情页面
    # print("即将下载: ", mvcontent_title[mvcontent_sel],
    #       ", " + mvcontent_url[mvcontent_sel])
    mvcontent_html = download_page_html(mvcontent_url[mvcontent_sel], 1)
    # print(mvcontent_html)

if mvcontent_html == None:
        print("下载出错,可能IP被服务器封禁,可稍后再试!")
        return -1

# 提取电影下载链接
    mvcontent_etree_html = lxml.html.fromstring(mvcontent_html)

# '//div[@id="Zoom"]/table/tr/td/table'
    mvcontent_xpath = '//td[@bgcolor="#fdfddf"]'

mvcontent_dwurl_lst = []

mvcontent_urllst = mvcontent_etree_html.xpath(
        mvcontent_xpath + "//a[@href]/text()")
    if mvcontent_urllst == None:
        print("解析出错!")
        return -1

for url in mvcontent_urllst:
        mvcontent_dwurl_lst.append(url)

if mvcontent_dwurl_lst == None:
        print("未找到下载链接!")
        return -1

# print("共找到", len(mvcontent_dwurl_lst), "个下载链接:")

for dwurl in mvcontent_dwurl_lst:
        print("\t", dwurl)

return 0
```

### 程序运行方法

打开命令行,定位到源码所在目录,然后输入 ***python py_movie.py*** ,回车运行

## 程序运行截图

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WHJWNAVY/myImage/master/PicGo/20181023181106.png)

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WHJWNAVY/myImage/master/PicGo/20181023180750.png)

## 项目文件截图

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WHJWNAVY/myImage/master/PicGo/20181029121100.png)

本实例支付的费用只是购买源码的费用，如有疑问欢迎在文末留言交流，如需作者在线代码指导、定制等，在作者开启付费服务后，可以点击“购买服务”进行实时联系，请知悉，谢谢

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python一键电影搜索与下载

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