基于全注解的SpringMVC+Spring4.2+hibernate4.3框架搭建

发布时间:2017-05-20
技术:SpringMVC+Spring4.2+hibernate4.3

概述

从0到1教你搭建spring+springMVC+hibernate整合框架,基于注解。 本教程框架为基于全注解的SpringMVC+Spring4.2+hibernate4.3,开发工具为myEclipse.

详细

本教程框架为基于全注解的SpringMVC+Spring4.2+hibernate4.3,开发工具为myEclipse.

整体目录结构如下图:


最近在鼓捣SpringMVC框架,现将成果都记录下来,免得前学后忘。之前用的框架一直是S2SH,一直苦于要配置一堆的配置文件,自从接触SpringMVC,发现这才是我一直想要的框架,基于全注解,开发过程中零配置,实在快哉。此教程非常适合零基础的人学习回归正题,基于全注解驱动的SpringMVC+Spring4.2+hibernate4.3框架搭建(整合)过程如下,:

开发工具为myEclipse

第一步:新建一个web项目

在eclipse中新建一个web项目,略。

第二步:加入所需的jar包



jar包下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/qq_33556185/9472726

第三步:接下来我们开始SpringMVC容器的配置


为了分工明确,我们将SpringMVC的配置单独写在spring-servlet.xml里,Spring的配置写在spring-common.xml(事务、数据源、sessionFactory等等)里。

spring-common.xml和spring-servlet.xml先加入如下schemal

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
    xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"  
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"  
    xmlns:websocket="http://www.springframework.org/schema/websocket"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd  
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd  
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd  
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd  
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd  
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-4.1.xsd  
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.1.xsd  
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.1.xsd">


然后spring容器的配置先放下,先来配置springMVC(spring-servlet.xml)的配置

在schemal的结尾处加入这一句:default-autowire="byName" ,依赖注入将根据name自动装配。

接下来启动注解驱动的SpringMVC功能:

<mvc:annotation-driven />


扫描注解包(在SpringMVC的容器里,只扫描Controller注解就行了)

<context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc.rest"  
        use-default-filters="false">  
        <context:include-filter type="annotation"  
            expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />  
</context:component-scan>

use-default-filters默认为true,默认会扫描@Component、@Controller、@Repository、@Service的注解,在这里只扫描@Controller注解是因为,SpringMVC的容器没有事务的能力,所以扫描@Repository、@Service的注解只能放在Spring的容器。也正因为如此,事务的配置要写在Spring的容器。

然后是对模型视图名称的解析,在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀(前缀是从控制器里返回的视图的父目录,此处配置的是让容器在WEB-INF/view/下找寻对应的视图;后缀是给视图名称追加后缀名,此处配置的是jsp后缀)

<bean  class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"  p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp" />

配置CommonsMultpartResolver,上传文件的时候要用到CommonsMultpartResolver,maxUploadSize设置上传文件的大小限制,上传文件必须先配置此解析器。

<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">  
     <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760" />  
</bean>

配置login视图解析,在登录拦截器里,校验未登录的话,要跳转到登录页面,然后由于login页面放在WEB-INF目录下,所以设置跳转到login.jsp会跳转不过去,在此处设置如下,在返回此view-name的地方,容器便不会当作Controller的路径,当作视图的路径跳转,在拦截器里便可以跳转到login页面(此配置告诉容器,这不是一个controller的方法的路径,而是一个视图的名称,请当作视图处理)。

<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="login" />

拦截器的配置也是放在SpringMVC的容器里,拦截器以后的文章里再详细解说。

到此spring-servlet.xml的配置就告一段落了,spring-servlet.xml的全文如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<!--suppress ALL -->  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
    xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"  
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-4.1.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.1.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.1.xsd"  
    default-autowire="byName">  
    <mvc:annotation-driven />  
    <!-- controller包(自动注入) -->  
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc.rest" use-default-filters="false">  
      <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />  
    </context:component-scan>  
    <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析,在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->  
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"  
        p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp" />  
    <mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="login" />  
    <bean id="multipartResolver"  
        class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">  
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760" />  
    </bean>  
    <!-- 配置拦截器, 多个拦截器,顺序执行  
        <mvc:interceptors>  
           <mvc:interceptor>  
            <mvc:mapping path="/*" />  
           <bean class="com.mvc.rest.interceptor.CommonInterceptor"></bean>   
     </mvc:interceptor> </mvc:interceptors> -->  
</beans>

第四步:我们配置web.xml

先配置CharacterEncodingFilter编码过滤器,此过滤器必须放在配置文件的最上面,有多个过滤器的时候,也应该放在第一位。encoding目标编码,forceEncoding设为true,会忽略请求来源的编码,强制使用encoding设置的编码。

<filter>  
       <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>  
       <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
       <init-param>  
           <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
           <param-value>utf-8</param-value>  
       </init-param>  
       <init-param>  
           <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>  
           <param-value>true</param-value>  
       </init-param>  
</filter>  
<filter-mapping>  
       <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>  
       <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
</filter-mapping>

然后配置ContextLoaderListener,此监听用来加载我们写的配置文件

<listener>  
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
</listener>

然后加载Spring配置文件

<context-param>  
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
    <param-value>  
        classpath*:/spring/spring-common.xml  
    </param-value>  
</context-param>

接下来就是配置SpringMVC的核心Servlet,所有请求都要先经过DispatcherServlet,然后进行分发到对应的控制器。该Servlet须第一个被加载,且在初始化的时候去加载SpringMVC的配置文件——spring-servlet.xml

<servlet>  
    <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>  
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
    <init-param>  
        <description>spring mvc</description>  
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
        <param-value>classpath*:/spring/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>  
    </init-param>  
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
</servlet>

然后设置DispatcherServlet拦截的请求,此处的servlet-name,即是上面配置的DispatcherServlet的name,url-pattern设置为斜杠,则会拦截所有请求,也即静态资源html、css、js也直接请求。

<servlet-mapping>  
<servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>  
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  
</servlet-mapping>

为此,我们需要设置,哪些资源不进行拦截

<servlet-mapping>  
      <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>  
      <url-pattern>/html/*</url-pattern>  
</servlet-mapping>  
<servlet-mapping>  
      <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>  
      <url-pattern>/js/*</url-pattern>  
</servlet-mapping>  
<servlet-mapping>  
       <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>  
      <url-pattern>/css/*</url-pattern>  
</servlet-mapping>  
     <servlet-mapping>  
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>  
      <url-pattern>/images/*</url-pattern>  
</servlet-mapping>

到此,SpringMVC就可以正常使用了。

欢迎页面的设置,原本此处只能设置视图名,*.jsp或者*.html,因为在spring-servlet.xml里设置了视图解析:<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="login" />,所以,此处设置为welcome-file设置为login,容器便会将其解析为视图login.jsp,绕过WEB-INFO下的资源无法直接访问的限制。

<welcome-file-list>  
     <welcome-file>login</welcome-file>  
</welcome-file-list>

我们还可以设置error-page的页面

<error-page>  
   <error-code>404</error-code>  
   <location>/html/error/404.html</location>  
</error-page>  
<error-page>  
   <error-code>500</error-code>  
   <location>/html/error/500.html</location>  
</error-page>

为了集成hibernate,我们还要配置OpenSessionInViewFilter,此过滤器会将Hibernate的Session和一次完整的请求过程绑定起来,事务控制,必须配置此过滤器。

<filter>  
    <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>  
    <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>  
 </filter>  
 <filter-mapping>  
<filter-name>openSession</filter-name>  
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
 </filter-mapping>

完整的web.xml的配置如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"  
    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">  
    <filter>  
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>  
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>  
            <param-value>true</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
    </filter>  
    <filter-mapping>  
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>  
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
    </filter-mapping>  
    <listener>  
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
    </listener>  
    <context-param>  
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
        <param-value>  
            classpath*:/spring/spring-common.xml  
        </param-value>  
    </context-param>  
    <servlet>  
        <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>  
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
        <init-param>  
            <description>spring mvc</description>  
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
            <param-value>classpath*:/spring/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
    </servlet>  
    <filter>  
        <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>  
        <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>  
    </filter>  
    <filter-mapping>  
        <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>  
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
    </filter-mapping>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  
    </servlet-mapping>  
    <welcome-file-list>  
        <welcome-file>login</welcome-file>  
    </welcome-file-list>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>/html/*</url-pattern>  
    </servlet-mapping>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>/js/*</url-pattern>  
    </servlet-mapping>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>/css/*</url-pattern>  
    </servlet-mapping>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>/images/*</url-pattern>  
    </servlet-mapping>  
    <error-page>  
        <error-code>404</error-code>  
        <location>/html/error/404.html</location>  
    </error-page>  
    <error-page>  
        <error-code>500</error-code>  
        <location>/html/error/500.html</location>  
    </error-page>  
</web-app>

第五步:配置spring-common.xml(数据源、事务、sessionFactory)

配置数据源jdbc.properties:

jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver  
jdbc.url=jdbc\:mysql\://121.40.90.125\:3306/test  
jdbc.username=root  
jdbc.password=exceptoin882465\!@\#

解析properties:

<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">  
<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;">   </span><property name="locations">  
    <value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value>  
<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;">   </span></property>  
</bean>

数据库连接池的配置取properties中的值:

<bean id="dataSource" destroy-method="close"<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;">  </span>class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">  
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />  
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />  
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />  
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />  
</bean>

若不设置url的编码,在MySQL数据库里,保存进去的中文会变成问号。

配置sessionFactory

<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />  
<property name="hibernateProperties">  
    <props>  
            <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>  
            <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>  
            <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>  
            <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>  
    </props>  
</property>  
<!-- 注解方式配置 -->  
<property name="packagesToScan">  
  <list>  
    <value>com.mvc.rest.entity</value>  
 </list>  
</property>  
 </bean>

packagesToScan扫描我们的hibernate实体文件。

最后配置事务

<bean id="txManager"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">  
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
    </bean>  
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">  
        <tx:attributes>  
            <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="edit*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="register*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="all" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="changePassword*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="restPassword*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="authorize*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="send*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="init*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <!-- <tx:method name="*" read-only="true"/> -->  
        </tx:attributes>  
    </tx:advice>  
    <aop:config>  
        <aop:pointcut id="serviceOperation"  
            expression="execution(* com.mvc.rest.service.impl.*.*(..))" />  
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="serviceOperation" />  
</aop:config>

完整的spring-common.xml的配置如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<!--suppress ALL -->  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
    xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"  
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"  
    xmlns:websocket="http://www.springframework.org/schema/websocket"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-4.1.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.1.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.1.xsd">  
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc.rest" />  
    <!-- properties文件解析器 -->  
    <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">  
        <property name="locations">  
            <value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
    <!-- 配置数据源 -->  
    <bean id="dataSource" destroy-method="close"  
        class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">  
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />  
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />  
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />  
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />  
    </bean>  
    <bean id="sessionFactory"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />  
        <property name="hibernateProperties">  
            <props>  
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>  
            </props>  
        </property>  
        <!-- 注解方式配置 -->  
        <property name="packagesToScan">  
            <list>  
                <value>com.mvc.rest.entity</value>  
            </list>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
    <bean id="txManager"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">  
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
    </bean>  
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">  
        <tx:attributes>  
            <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="edit*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="register*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="all" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="changePassword*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="restPassword*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="authorize*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="send*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <tx:method name="init*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
            <!-- <tx:method name="*" read-only="true"/> -->  
        </tx:attributes>  
    </tx:advice>  
    <aop:config>  
        <aop:pointcut id="serviceOperation"  
            expression="execution(* com.mvc.rest.service.impl.*.*(..))" />  
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="serviceOperation" />  
    </aop:config>  
</beans>

到此,基于全注解的SpringMVC+Spring4.2+hibernate4.3框架搭建大功告成。

第六步:运行

DB安装:

blob.png

当然,你不安装也是可以的,本项目可以通过hibernate反向创建db和表,但数据没法创建,而且密码我们采用MD5加密,所以,为了省事,建议执行以下脚本,这个脚本是已经包含了创建DB的了。


DB安装后,需要配置下项目的jdbc连接:

blob.png

配置如下:

blob.png

请根据自己的实际情况修改。


然后是运行起来:

blob.png

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